![]() Without going into too much detail, version control systems may be:Ĭentralised version control systems, like CVS or Subversion, use a single server which contains every file version. In this case, we will use the version control tool to track changes to the files that make up the site, as we will see below. These files usually belong to the source code of a programme, but the system can track changes to any file. Version control is a system used by programmers that keeps track of changes made to a file or series of files. Git is a distributed version control programme. This is a crucial aspect for us and one of the reasons why we have analysed and studied it. As far as multilingual features are concerned, Grav comes already internationalised, meaning it is already set up to be able to publish in multiple languages. Not having to dredge up content from a database not only makes it much faster, but it is also versatile and powerful enough to be used to create almost any kind of site.Įven though there is an administration interface, all the management can also be run directly from the command line, giving admins an additional advantage in terms of flexibility. It was voted “Best Open-Source CMS” in 2016 and “Best Flat-File CMS” in 2017 by CMS Critic. Lastly, Grav is an open source project, meaning its code is public, so it can be freely viewed and edited. With database CMS we should instead intervene on the database structure or install appropriate add-ons (plugins). One other really important advantage for what we are trying to achieve is that a site can be localised by simply creating the text files in each language and changing just a few settings in the system configuration file. Unlike with database CMS, you won’t need to download files with the one hand and dump the database with the other. For instance, all that is needed to create a backup copy of a site developed with Grav (or another flat-file CMS) is to download the web folder where the site is located. This feature makes a huge difference to streamlining admin and management work. Markdown files are plain text files that use a special syntax. We talk about it extensively in another article on this blog, “ What’s Markdown and how you use it”. Markdown is a markup language that supports file scripts that are to be converted to HTML or other formats. User-generated content is saved in text files in Markdown format (*.md). It falls within the flat-file CMS category, meaning it is file-based instead. Unlike WordPress, Grav does not save content in a database. These systems are referred to as database CMS. ![]() Most of these systems, such as WordPress or Joomla, save user-generated content in a database (usually MySQL), while site pages are generated via PHP files. About half of all existing sites are estimated to be CMS-based. The best-known CMSs are WordPress, Joomla, and Drupal, but there are hundreds more out there. However, the site’s appearance is controlled by themes or templates, collections of files that can be installed separately to change the layout, colours, how content is displayed across the page, etc. It normally uses a graphic administration interface, a back-end, where the visible elements of the site, the front-end, can be controlled from without necessarily having to write code. A CMS is a programme installed on a web server that lets you create and manage sites. To create multilingual sites, all you need is to combine 3 free, open-source tools, a CMS, a version control system and an assisted translation tool: ![]()
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